How Herbs Affect You Individually
Herbs can affect each person differently based on a variety of factors. Understanding these differences can help you use herbs more safely and effectively.
Your Unique Body
Every person’s body responds to herbs differently. Factors such as age, health conditions, and individual body chemistry all play a role. For example, older adults may metabolize herbs more slowly than younger people, while individuals with chronic health conditions may need extra caution, as their bodies can process herbs in unique ways. Even someone with a sensitive stomach might experience digestive upset from an herb that others tolerate easily. It’s always best to start with a low dose and observe how your body responds before increasing it.
Allergies and Sensitivities
Herbs, like any other substance, can cause allergic reactions or sensitivities. People who are allergic to certain plants may also react to herbs from the same plant family. For example, if you’re allergic to daisies, you might also react to echinacea or chamomile. Allergic reactions can range from mild symptoms, like itching or rash, to more serious effects, such as difficulty breathing. To minimize risk, start with a small amount of any new herb and carefully observe your body’s response. If you experience any adverse symptoms, stop using the herb immediately and consult a healthcare provider.
Herb and Medication Interactions
Drug Interactions
Herbs can affect how well medications work, either enhancing, diminishing, or canceling their effects. For example:
- St. John’s Wort: Often used for depression, can interfere with medications like birth control pills and antidepressants, making them less effective.
- Ginger: Known for easing nausea, it can increase the effects of blood-thinning medications, which might raise the risk of bleeding.
- Rose hips, and Marshmallow: can prevent the absorption rate of the medications you take.
If you’re taking medications, it’s essential to check if any herbs you’re considering might interact with them. This can help you avoid complications and ensure that both your medications and herbs are working as intended.
Managing Interactions
To manage potential interactions, always inform your healthcare provider about all herbs and supplements you’re taking. They can help you understand possible interactions and adjust your medications or herb use as needed. Keep an up-to-date list of all supplements and medications to review during appointments. Some herbs can be safely separated from medications or other herbs, for example, taking one in the morning and another at night, or leaving a few hours between them, to reduce interaction risks. However, some herbs should not be combined at all, or should be avoided entirely with certain medications, because they can amplify effects, reduce effectiveness, or cause harmful side effects. Always research or consult a knowledgeable professional before combining herbs or taking them with medications
Counterindications
Counterindications are situations where herbs are just not indicated, and that means you should not use them. This includes situations like being pregnant, if you're breast feeding, or have a condition that will likely be affected by various herbs. When it comes to your health it's important to ensure that you understand that herbs are not a whole lot different than the medications you get from the doctor, so it's good to know the counterindications of the herbs you are working with.
Additional Considerations
Herbs & Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
Not all herbs are safe during pregnancy. Some can increase the risk of miscarriage, early labor, birth defects, or other complications. Herbs can also affect breast milk; both in volume and composition, and may pass certain compounds to your baby. Just like pharmaceuticals, it’s important to consult your healthcare provider before taking any herb while pregnant or breastfeeding. Always do your research and check before using anything during this sensitive time to protect both you and your child.
Herbs & Children
As practicing herbalists, it's important to understand that children come in all shapes and sizes, and have yet you acclimate to the world like grown adults have so herbal use in children requires special consideration. Not all plants are kid, baby, or child safe and it's important to know what to avoid when working with kids.
Herbs that are generally unsafe for babies and young children
- Peppermint (Mentha × piperita) – Can cause breathing issues or worsen reflux in infants; strong essential oils are risky.
- Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus) – Toxic if ingested; can cause breathing problems if inhaled in high amounts.
- Comfrey (Symphytum officinale) – Contains liver-toxic compounds (pyrrolizidine alkaloids); never internal use in children.
- Yohimbe (Pausinystalia johimbe) – Stimulating and potentially dangerous for heart and blood pressure; not safe for kids.
- Castor (Ricinus communis) seeds – Highly toxic if ingested; can be fatal.
- Senna (Senna alexandrina) and other strong laxatives – Can cause severe cramping or electrolyte imbalance.
- Goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis) – Strong antimicrobial; generally avoided in infants because it’s harsh on liver.
- Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) – Calming, can soothe mild colic or help with sleep.
- Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) – Helps with gas and mild digestive discomfort.
- Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis) – Gentle calming and sleep support.
- Ginger (Zingiber officinale) – Mildly helps nausea or upset stomach (use small amounts for older babies).
- Red Raspberry Leaf (Rubus idaeus) – Usually used in older children for mild tonic support.
- Oatstraw (Avena sativa) – Gentle nutritional support, calming, can help mild restlessness.
Dosages and safety profiles can differ significantly from those for adults, and can be determined by using the Clarks method, Fred's, or Youngs method to understand and apply safe dosing for children. Always seek guidance from a healthcare provider before giving herbs to children.
Supplements vs. Whole Herbs
Herbal supplements can be more potent than whole herbs due to their concentrated forms. When using supplements, choose products with standardized extracts and verified quality to ensure consistent potency and safety. It's also important to check the max daily dose of any one given herb, because sometimes supplements sold in stores can halve much more than the recommended daily dose for safe use.
Herb Solubility & Bio-availability
This might sound strange when we think about plants, but not every plant you work with can just be thrown into some water and chugged. The reason for this resides in the chemical makeup of the plant and its constituents. So what does that mean? Well, it means that how you extract the plant to use it matters.
- Making infusions = water soluble.
- Making tinctures = alcohol and glycerin soluble.
- Making oils = lipid or fat soluble
Mixing Herbs
Combining different herbs can enhance their effects, but it can also lead to problems. Here’s what you should know:
Synergistic Effects
Sometimes, combining herbs can make them work better together. For example, using ginger and turmeric together can enhance their anti-inflammatory effects. This synergy can be beneficial if the herbs complement each other and don’t cause adverse effects.
Conflicting Effects
On the flip side, some herbs might counteract each other or cause unwanted effects when used together. For example, one herb might raise blood pressure while another lowers it, leading to conflicting effects.
Be cautious when mixing herbs and consult with a knowledgeable herbalist or healthcare provider if you’re unsure. When combining herbs, start with small amounts and observe how you feel. If you notice positive effects without any negative side effects, you can continue using them together. You can also use resources to determine what plants go well together, and which should you should avoid combining.
Purity and Sourcing of Herbs
The quality and source of herbs are crucial for their safety and effectiveness. Here’s how to ensure you’re using high-quality herbs:
Quality Control
Choose herbs from reputable sources that follow strict quality control standards. Look for certifications or seals from organizations such as the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) or ConsumerLab, which indicate that the herbs have been independently tested for purity, potency, and safety. Avoid products from companies that make exaggerated health claims or provide little information about their sourcing and manufacturing practices. High-quality herbs should be free from contaminants, accurately labeled, and consistent in strength, so you know exactly what you’re taking.
Where Herbs Come From
The origin of your herbs plays a critical role in their quality, safety, and effectiveness. Herbs grown in polluted soils, treated with pesticides, or processed under poor conditions can be contaminated with harmful chemicals, heavy metals, or microbes that may affect your health. Choosing organically grown herbs from reputable suppliers helps minimize these risks. Whenever possible, select herbs that are grown locally or from sources with transparent standards for cleanliness, sustainability, and ethical harvesting. Knowing where your herbs come from not only protects your own health but also supports responsible practices that safeguard the environment, the workers who grow and harvest the plants, and the communities that rely on these resources
- Reputable supplier: Established companies with good reviews and transparent sourcing.
- Certifications: USDA Organic, USP (United States Pharmacopeia), ConsumerLab, or other recognized quality seals.
- Clear labeling: Scientific (botanical) names, part of the plant used, and dosage instructions.
- Ingredient transparency: Only the herb listed, without hidden fillers or additives.
- Third-party testing: Evidence of purity, potency, and absence of contaminants like heavy metals, pesticides, or microbes.
- Ethical and sustainable sourcing: Harvested responsibly, especially for wildcrafted herbs.
- Customer support: Ability to ask questions about sourcing, preparation, or safety.
- Positive reviews and testimonials: Especially regarding product quality, accuracy, and consistency.
- Vague or missing sourcing information: Companies that don’t disclose where or how the herbs are grown.
- Exaggerated health claims: “Cures everything” or “miracle herb” statements are a red flag.
- No scientific or botanical names: Only common names can lead to misidentification.
- Unverified or unsafe suppliers: Unknown brands with little to no online presence or customer feedback.
- Unclear or inconsistent labeling: Missing plant part, dosage, or preparation method.
- Suspiciously low prices: Extremely cheap products may compromise quality or purity.
- Lack of third-party testing: No proof of safety, contaminants, or potency.
- Hidden fillers or additives: Herbs mixed with unknown substances without clear labeling.
- Poor packaging or storage: Herbs exposed to light, moisture, or improper containers that can reduce potency.
Unsafe Harvesting Locations
- Near roads or highways – Plants can accumulate heavy metals and exhaust pollutants from vehicle emissions.
- Industrial areas or factories – Soil and air may be contaminated with chemicals, heavy metals, or other toxins.
- Agricultural fields treated with pesticides or herbicides – These chemicals can linger in plants and soil.
- Urban or residential areas – Contamination from runoff, lawn chemicals, or pet waste is common.
- Landfills, dumps, or areas with waste runoff – High risk of chemical and microbial contamination.
- Sites near mining operations – Soil and water may contain toxic metals like lead or arsenic.
- Waterways near chemical plants or sewage discharge – Aquatic or riparian plants can absorb pollutants.
Ethical and Environmental Considerations
When choosing herbs, consider their environmental and ethical impacts:
Sustainable Harvesting
Support companies that practice sustainable harvesting. Overharvesting can deplete herb populations and damage ecosystems. Look for products that come from sustainable sources and contribute to conservation efforts.
Fair Trade
Opt for herbs from companies that adhere to fair trade principles. This ensures that workers are paid fairly and work in good conditions. Fair trade practices also support ethical and environmentally friendly methods of production.
Preparing and Using Herbs
How you prepare and use herbs can affect their safety and effectiveness. Here’s what you should consider:
Extraction types
Herbs can be prepared and used in a variety of forms, including infusions (herbal teas), capsules, tinctures (alcohol-based extracts), oils, and powders. Each form differs in strength, potency, and how the body absorbs the herb, so not every herb is best used in every form. For example, some herbs may be more effective as an infusion than as a tincture. When choosing a preparation, consider your goals and the desired effects of the herb
For example:
- Infusions: Typically milder and slower to act but useful for daily health maintenance. Also needed when extracting mucilage.
- Capsules: Provide a concentrated dose and are convenient for regular use.
- Tinctures: Stronger and absorbed quickly but can be more potent and need careful dosage.
- Oils: Especially useful for external applications or for herbs with fat- or lipid-soluble constituents.
Dosage
Starting with a lower dose is a good practice when using new herbs. Gradually increase the dose if you don’t experience any adverse effects. Avoid exceeding the recommended daily dosage for any herb, as higher amounts can lead to side effects.
For instance, if you’re starting on a new herbal supplement, begin with the lowest recommended dose and monitor your body’s response. Adjust the dosage as needed, based on how you feel and any guidance from a healthcare provider.
Children under 2 should avoid use of herbs without being under the care of a qualified herbalist. Children over 2 years of age are usually dosed at a rate according to their age under the "Young's Rule".
Rule: Add 12 to the child's age. Divide the child's age by this total. For example the dosage for a four-year-old would be 4/ 16 =.25 or 1/4 of the adult dosage.
Talking to Your Healthcare Provider
Consulting with your healthcare provider before starting any new herb is essential, particularly if you have existing health conditions or are taking prescription or over-the-counter medications. Herbs, while natural, can still interact with medications, amplify or reduce their effects, or trigger side effects in sensitive individuals. A healthcare provider can give personalized guidance, help you understand potential interactions, and advise on safe dosages or suitable alternatives.
It’s important to keep your provider informed about all the herbs, supplements, and vitamins you are using, not just the new ones you plan to try. This comprehensive overview allows them to evaluate your overall regimen, spot possible interactions, and make any necessary adjustments to your medications or herbal use. In some cases, they may recommend spacing certain herbs and medications apart, adjusting timing, or avoiding certain combinations altogether.
Maintaining an up-to-date list of everything you take, including herbs, supplements, and pharmaceuticals, is a practical way to stay safe. Bring this list to every appointment and review it regularly. By keeping open communication with your healthcare provider, you not only protect your own health but also ensure that you are using herbs in the most effective and responsible way possible
Common Herbs
Here’s a closer look at some popular herbs and their safety considerations:
Echinacea: Echinacea is often used to boost the immune system and prevent colds. It’s generally safe for short-term use, but it can cause allergic reactions in some people, particularly those allergic to plants in the daisy family. If you have allergies, start with a small amount and monitor for any reactions.
Ginseng: Ginseng is known for its energy-boosting and stress-relieving properties. However, it can interact with medications like blood thinners and affect blood sugar levels. If you have diabetes or take anticoagulants, use ginseng cautiously and consult with your healthcare provider.
Ginger: Ginger is used for digestive issues and inflammation. It’s safe for most people but can interact with anticoagulant medications, increasing the risk of bleeding. If you’re on blood thinners, monitor for any bleeding or bruising while using ginger.
Turmeric: Turmeric is valued for its anti-inflammatory benefits and is often used for joint pain. It can interact with blood-thinning medications and affect blood sugar levels. If you have bleeding disorders or diabetes, consult with a healthcare provider before using turmeric.
Herbs can be a valuable addition to your health regimen, offering support for digestion, immunity, relaxation, and overall well-being. However, using them safely is essential to ensure that their benefits outweigh potential risks. Each person’s body reacts differently to herbs, and factors such as age, existing health conditions, and overall body chemistry can influence how an herb affects you. Being mindful of these individual differences helps you tailor herbal use to your needs and promotes a more effective and enjoyable experience.
Equally important is understanding how herbs interact with medications, supplements, or other herbs. Some combinations can enhance effects, reduce effectiveness, or even cause adverse reactions. Choosing high-quality, ethically sourced products is another key factor in safe herbal use. Herbs grown in clean, sustainable conditions and processed under transparent quality standards are less likely to contain contaminants, pesticides, or mislabeled dosages, protecting both your health and the environment.
To maximize the benefits of herbal remedies while minimizing risks, always consult with a healthcare professional before introducing new herbs into your routine. Use herbs as part of a balanced approach to health that includes proper nutrition, exercise, lifestyle adjustments, and professional guidance. By combining informed choices with responsible use, herbs can become a safe and effective tool to support your long-term health and well-being.
